Today in History (1929) - The Kellogg-Briand Pact, renouncing war as an instrument of foreign policy, goes into effect. It was ultimately signed by 62 nations, including Germany, Italy and Japan. The U.S. Senate approved the treaty 85-1, with the reservation that the treaty must not infringe upon America's right of self defense and that the United States was not obliged to enforce the treaty by taking action against those who violated it. Thirty-six years later, American planes suffered their first anti-aircraft missile attack of the Vietnam War.